Type-writer.



K. DOUGAN.

TYPE WRITER.

APPLlcATloN FILED 0m27.191s.

Patented Feb.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WWA/55553 l 1% QM/MW @11; EN TOR THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0., WASHINETON, D. C.

K. DGUGAN.

TYPE WRITER.

. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 2'. 191.3. f 1,171,774. Peeeneed Feb.15,1916.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mlIJIIhIIn Ffa. '14

Q W/T/YESSES .UNITED STATES PATENToFEIoE.) 'i

KENNEDY :DoUe-ANoE MINNEAPOLIS', MINNESOTA.

` TYPE-`WRITER.

intatta,

To all whom t may concern: Y

Be it known that I, KENviiDY` DoUGAN, aV citizen ofthe United" States, and a iesi dent of Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful4 Improvements in Type-lVriters, of which the following lis a specication. f This invention relates to typewriters, and has for its object to provide a small, light typewriter. This object is attained by constructions which dispense with keys, key levers, and type-barsg` all of the type being mounted in groups on devices carried on the fingers of the operators hands. l

Figure 1 is a top view of a typewriter constructed according to the invention,- portions of the ratchet-bars being broken away to expose other parts.v Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on a linef II-II of Fig. 1, a portion of the printing guide being broken away. Fig 3 is a rear elevation of the Vcar-y riage-forwarding and locking mechanism, a

portion of the carriage; being broken awav and the track-rails omitted. Fig..4 is a diagrammatic sectional Velevation of a twoseries type-carrier, in operative relation to a printing guide which is shown half in section. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the type shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the carrier shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6a is a detail viewV of several of the pinions and associated parts. Fig. 7 is a diagram. F ig. S is a top view of a printing guide like that shown infFig. 4, also a carriage and ribbon holders. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view on a. line IX-IX of'Fig.V 8. Fig. 10 is a sectional detail view on a line X-Xy F ig. 8, showing a ltype-block. Fig. 11 is a sideV elevation of' a one-series type-carrier omitting the Enger-clip. Fig.

12' is a detailview, va section of which, on line c-c,`is shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 11, in operative relation to a Fig. 14 is type-guide l21 andl selector 27. Y a diagram of a. device hereinafter described. Referring to the drawings inl .'detail,

' Figs. 1, 2 and 3, illustratel a typewriter (except the type) having a iiXed platen, a carriage, a ribbon .anda printing, guide mounted upon the carriage, means for step' ping the carriage without theV usual traction spring, and an arrangementy of the ribbon wherebyV nearly the entire lline, of writingy Y i Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb.15, 1916. Application filed December 27,1913. serial No. 808,999,

will be visiblel when the paperlis intheV l i' machine.' A f The platen 1, isr a longitudinal vstrip of* j Itis heldin a groove platen material and "is preferably square Vin cross section.

formed in 'the ridge of a paper-support 2 which is secured to bosses 3 -onthe machine l base '4. The transverse width of Vthe platen lis slightly more than that of the largest of paper-support 2 are ktwo paperfeed rollers 5, 6 one of which is provided with Y av turning knob 7 The course ofk slieetiof paper. through the machine is indicatedl on Fig.` 2 by a mixed line', 8.

Any suitable device for` tensioning the paper maybe employed. That shown coned'oii pins 10, .on'which arejtorsion springs `12 having ends 1 2EL bearing down on said bar, and opposite ends 1211 passed through perforations in the base4,

Two tension re-v lease handles`13 are provided with alateh 14 for holding either or bothofsaid handles inserted.

hereafter mentioned.

2() designates as a whole a carriage, inv whiclris mounted a printingguide 21and apair ofribbon-spools 22, 23.y The carriage 2O has rollers 124, and travels with them upon rails 26 which are supportedby. posts 16. The printing guide 21 asI shown, is in sistsof a sheet metalbar 9, pivotally niount-V plan shape ahollow Malte'sfefcross, the arms of which form 4 5 degreejangles with itsline of travel. The :slots designated R, R will be considered as one slot 4in description,l and the'slotsmarked L, L'will'be considered as one. 1 i i Y C, is the writing or printing center.

Slots R andL formguides for. the 'type-A carriers' shown in Fig. 11 and presently de-` scribed. A selector .post -27 is rigidly secured tothe guide 21 at the slots `angle nearest the operators side` (front) of the machine. The walls 21 at each' side of each slot R, L

v are'sectionally formed as shown inFig. 1 3.

28 are spacer-keys, which'are integral with los the guide 21 and either of lwhich are toV be depressed tostep the carriage and printing guide' the width of a space between words. i l

Said guide 21 is vertically movable in the carriage, with a minimum of'rfriction, by

`being mounted on two pairs of parallel rockable arms 29, pivoted thereto at 30 and 65? character tol be printedT lAdjacent the rear pivoted to the carriage yat 31. Said guide 2l lis drawn upward and held in a raised position, by springs. 32, at a .sulinicient distance above the platen to permit the automatic stepping device (to be described) to be actuated by the upward movements of said guide. guide is of course curved in one direction, but said curvature does not cause any slurring of t'ypeimpressions,` the arms '29 will be exactly horizontal when a type .strikesthe paper.. l

Carried by the printing guide 2l .are a The operation of .stepping the carriage for a space or letter is asy follows: Depressing the guide 21, .either by a vhey 28 or by Vdepressing a type-carrier in said guide, lowers the pivot L3 of a pawl 33 and permits the spring #l2 torturn .said pawl far enough to engage it with the next tooth of the `ratch 38. During rksaid down movement of the guide 21, the latch-guide studs 4419, 46 slide down inthe slots of theflatches, .leaving said latches engaged with the ratches 40, 4l, whereby any end motion of the type-guide 2l during its descent, is prevented. This insures accurate valinement of the type and sharp impressions thereof. At .the end of said ydown movement, a shoulder 47 on the release-lever 37 has slipped past an incline` 43 on latch .36' and reached the position shown in dotted lines, where it is caused by a spring a9 to pass beneath a shoulder 50.

When `the operator yremoves the inger from key28 or lifts a type-carrier from the guide 21, the vsprings raise said guide,.thereby lifting the release-.leverb'odily, said lever then lifting the latch 36, disengaging it from ratch 4l. The carriage is now free to;

move forward, z'. e., inthe direction of vthe horizontal arrows.` Immed1atelythe stepping `pawl 33, as its pivot Irises, begins toy turn downwardly, whereby it reacts horizontally on said pivot, and moves the guide 21 and carriage 2O the proper distance. During the said ascent of release-'lever a-huinp 47 thereon impinges on a fixed stud 5l, carried by'guide 21,y and the lower inclined 1face of lsaid stud moves the upper end of said lever forwardly, thereby causing thepoint of .lever 37 to release the latcnshoulder '50, whereupon the latch '36 drops by gravity (or springpressure) upon lits ratch-ellthen` slips forward upon saidl ratch andstopsthe carriage'l20 by .impingingupon is' )Secured to the pawl 33, to the left. Figfgto the right.) Said movement will ,im simultaneously ldisengage the pawl 33 from ratch 3S, lift latch 34 by means o nose 53 The vertical motion of saidL the next tooth ahead. During this movement the other latch .34 simply slides over `one toothA of its ratch 40.l To bring the can riage back to starting` position, all ythe `operator has to do 1s to pull ahandle 52, which and lug 5%, and .draw the marriage left.-V wardly. Upon the release of handle 52 ythe pawl Eandlatch yreassiune :their normal positions. y Y

56, Fig. l,indicates,an adjustable linestop against which. the carriage will impinge.

As shown in Fig. l, an `inlrribbon- 57 is so mounted as to cross the platen trans-y versely. .lts ends are wound 4on spools 22, 23, whose axial pins rest in'suitable bearings `in lugs 58, integral with the guide 2l.

Spool. 23 is shown as turned automatically` by a. resilient pawl'59 secured to the carriage v QOand .positioned to turn. a Aratchet periphery 60 on one of .the spool heads, whenthe guide 2l kis nearingthe end-of an u ivstroke.

(l'indicates afho-ldingpawl, in Fig.=2. Tensions. springs 62 bear onfthe headso-f .the rear spool.

To insert a sheet-,of paper, the levers. 13 are depressed., .whereupon the spring `latch l holds one of them rdo'wn, kthus holding the `member 9 elevated above :the plate A 2. The sheet is inserted .between rollers 5, 6. Then by= turning the .knob 47 the lpaperi is drawn back the proper clistance-;antl,the tension bar is .lowered upon the paper withvone hand while the other hand draws the paper `taut .over the platen;

`Referring now to Figs. LIL, 5, 6 and 6,

which show diagrammaticallyA ra multiple printing device, with means for selective printing. lTwo seriesof longitudinally slidable type-bars 6,4, each bearing on its lower end a type-block 66, are mounted in a-t'rame comprising side plates67, and integral 4top and end .plates 63,;69., It is desirable .that

thetype-bars have a stroke of about of an inch or more, and toprovide -for such Alength of stroke the type-bars are, .preferably formed as racks,A andare geared together .in

pairs by a 4series of pinions 70, whichiare separately `rotatable on a nonrotating shatt -f.

l whose ends are .fixed in frame `ends 68..

All said Aparts are `.tube made as light Aas which are attachedftol thetypezbars 64: with; ball-and-socket joints 76, Twhich however permit .only a slightangular play of thel typefblocks. In Fig, rit said joints are shownl diagrammaticallyg' but a @preferred actual Vfinger with like that shown ,inV Fig.

construction is shown in :detail inFigs; 10 and 12. Type-bar 64 is provided `with, two longitudinalfianges 112.y The lower end of said bar is milled out to form seat which lits a hemispheric head 1,13v on thetype-V block4 7.7. Secured; in akerf in head 113is the lower end of -a thin iatspring `114,

Vwhose upper end has lugs llwthat. are

loosely held between pairslof.guide-lugs` 116 struckin Ifro-in flanges 112. Thejtype-block is supported by stops a sto-ps rest upon the guide-lugs 11G. This construction permits a type-block to turnv The frame 67"@9 is provided lwith af inger-clip comprising, as shown here, two U shaped pieces 78 and 79, both of resilient sheet-metal., The piece 78 has ears 80 which rmly engage the sides of an inserted finger, while the piece 79V receives the tip of the finger. l Y 1 ince any type-bar is alined for printing by insertingv its companion in an abutment notch 102, it might be 'confusing to the op-- erator, at first, if each type-bar were marked with its own character, fin a place where easily vseen by theoperator. But such confusion may be ob-viated by marking each type-bar with the character printed by, its companion. Fig.y 14 of the drawing will make clear what is meant by this. Two typebars, A and B, are seen in bottom plan, and are companions vbecause connected by the pinion 70. The type-bars are provided re-' spectively with-tags153 and 154, on which appearthe added charactersB andA. vTo print A, the bar marked A on the tag is inserted in the abutment notch 102, and to'.

print B, the bar marked B is so inserted.

Though itis desirable to provide each two series of type, arranged as shown by Figp, said arrangement is not adapted for coaction with a printing guide l. Therefore a modification which is so adapted will now be described, the same being illustrated diagrammatically Vin Figs. 11 and 13. There is only one seriesof type-bars'82gthe series of opposed rack-bars 83 are each provided with a point that is positioned 'to enter a' conical socket in the selector post 27 of Fig.

1. Each type-bar is mechanically connected4 with its opposed rack-bar by a pinion 84, hav-4 on lugs 115, which lsprings 32 (Fig. 3).

ing a tension springf85forthe function aforesaid. Eachmack-bar 83 is cutshorterthan the companion type-bar and carriesonfits lower enda sticker, comprising anl offset arm 88pnoyidedwith a downwardly projecting point 89.1.Arms 88 areoffset so that, y when a point .89 is inserted in the `:socket 81 l of the post 2,7 the type-bar to be thrustdown will stand exactlyv over the printing center, C. The sticker-barsr83 inthegright-hand type-carriers areplaced at theleft'ofrthe type-bars therein, and the sticker-bars in the left hand carriers are placed at the right j of the Vtype-bars therein,..whenl .said carriers are properly positioned on the lingers. The reason will .beV apparent from inspection of thetop view of slots R, Land post 2T, Fig. l. n

Operation: Suppose'the rst letter to be printed is XV, and that Vit is on, a right hand finger., Theroper'ator alines'the proper carrier with slot R, alines. the proper stick?k point 89v with the selector-post 27 and presses down quickly.V The point .enters the socket 81, and two guide-lugs 90,y rigidly carried by the typefcarrier, simultaneously pass between the beveled walls 21fof said slot R. Said guide-lugs fit the parallel faces ofsaid walls accurately, land are slightly wider lthan the type-blocks, relieving the latter of somefriction with said faces. The' descent of the type-carrier is communicated tovall thepartsfwithin it,

except the one sticker 88,' 89 and its rackbari83 which are upheldby the post27 vthe guide 2l being still held up by the two Hence the rack of said sticker turns the coengaged piniony 84, which drives down the associated rack for typebar 82, double the distance 'traveled by the pinion shaft"86and the type thereon stops a little below the bottom of the guide 21, byits lug 93 strikingthe' top of the carrier frame 94. V,The downward. stroke ofthe operators' finger continues, uninterrupted 'by said 'stoppage o f the type-bar, thereby positively depressing-the post 27 andguide 21 and causing the type to strike the paper upon the platen 1. During said stroke, all the other type-bars 82 are carried down, but only half 'the distance, thus they do. not strike the vguide-walls 21. Likewise alll the- Vother stickers 88-89 are depressed, but` stopv short of said walls 21.

Then the type-carrierlis vbeing removed, and specifically,jwhen the sticker 89V is beingremoved from the socket 81, the yspring 87 which is under tension, flexible connection 96 and turns thepinion reversely, and the latter draws up the associated type-bar and depresses the said sticker.

Should atype-,carrier-be heldslightly out of the Vertical, either toward or'from the hand, at the instant of printing, theJ type thereby acts Y through theI fio use will nevertheless make-a fiat impression upon the paper, since the-pivotal joint will permit the type to adjust itself to the platen.

In the one-series form, as many as twelve characters might be provided in one carrier,

this depending upon their size.y If three.

fingers of each hand are provided with typecarriers, six type inl each carrier will provide thirty-six type in all;` eight on each willl provide forty-eight.

In the rack and pinion construction, the function of the-springs '87 maybe performed by one spring acting to turn the pinion-shaft, provided said shaft has a key` thereon and that each pinion has a segmental keyway permitting lany pinion to be turned without turning the other pinions. Other modifications also are within the scope of the claims, which are for a plurality of movable type-pieces in a movable frame, a

relatively iixed guide for guiding any typei piece printing, and means whereby `a bodily movement of the frame causes any selected l type to operate.

A. simpler form of printingguide than` and lstraddling the bosses 100 which'` bear the pivot-pins 101. Eachvpiece 99 is a thin plate having two upwardly projecting points 99, the inner edges 99a of which are downwardly converged. The part maybe other-k wise described as an upwardly projecting lug99, having cut therein a notch 102 whose downwardly converging walls 99EL form abutments for a type-block. In Fig. 10 is shown a type-block 103, positioned in the.

notch 102 VYor between the ypoints 99. The lower edges of each type-block are beveled to prevent their cutting the abutment faces 99a, and the notch 102is deep enoughto protect the type from striking its bottom. It is clear that the inclinedsides v99afwill registera type-block .toward and from the operator, and that the right and left linclined walls 1041 ofthe guide 97 will register the companion type-block when thevlatter is thrust downthrough said guide. The right hand abutment 99 is to be used to print from a left-hand row of type, and vice versa. Any type-carrier is always to be held squarely infront of the operator, whereas with the Maltese cross form of guide they are held at easier angles.

In operation the two type-blocks at each side of the one inserted in an abutment i99 must be free to descend by a distance equal -when writing, evenif the auxiliary guidelugs 90 are not providedl on the carriers.` The carrier shown 1n Figs. 4 and 6 has noy such parts, yfor ani obvious reason, but the Y writing will be regular and the impres sions i flat owing to the ball-and-socket joints 76. For `example the type-carrier may be held atY angles indicated by lines a-a or 6 7) Fig. 7, yetthe type will?` be squared. by passing through the type-hole 98.

Referring to the ink-ribbon 105,'` its spools may be arranged as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, that is,.carried by the printingguide orrather bythe bosses 100 thereof..` To avoid striking the paper the front-spool 108 if on a Yhorizontal axis must be small; but by mounting it as shown` in dotted lines on Fig. 8 on a vertical axis held 'by a bracket 110, it may be as large as theback spool 106.

Having described my invention,- I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent: 1

1. In combination, a manually-carried` frame, a plurality of type movably mounted in said frame, and. means for movingany one of said type for printingtherewith .by v and through direct manual movement.` of said frame.

2. ,In combinatiom a manually carried; frame, a plurality of type-bars projectably mounted yin said frame, a guide for guiding any projected type-bar, type on said typebars, and type-projecting means. Onsaid guide.

3. In combinatiompa manually y carried. frame, a lplurality'of type-bars projectably. mounted insaid frame, a guide for guiding. any projected type-bar, type on .said type bars, Iand type-projecting .means partlybn said guide and partlyycarried in said frame.

4.. In combination, a printing guide,- an abutment thereon, a manually carried'frame, a.y type-bar` and an arm carried by said frame, a type on said type-bar, adapted tobe guided by said printingguide, and means including said arm-whereby said type is thrust` into the printing guide by down ward` pressure of the hand upon said frame.

5. In combination, a manually. carried n said guide, and means :whereby either of` said type is'thrust into said guide .bydown. ward pressure of thehand upon `said frame.

6. In combination,i afv manuallyl carried fy frame. a pluralitv of type-bars bearingdif-r ferent` type and eachmovably mounted in. said frame, means connecting said liarsdnI pairs so that the bars of a pair must move in opposite directions relative to said frame, a spring yieldingly holding said bars at normal positions, a printing-guide, adapted to receive one type at a time, and typeselecting means for engagement by the companion of the acting type.

7. In combination, a frame, a rackbar 82, a type-block 92 thereon, a. rackbar 83, a pinion meshed with .both said rackbars, a spring connected to said pinion, an arm SS-89 on rackbar S3, printing guide 21, and an abutment 27 on said guide, said abutment having a socket S1v adapted to receive and support said arm.

8. In combination, a frame, a pair of rackbars 64, type-blocks on said rackbars, a

pinion meshed with both said rackbars, a spring connected to said pinion, a printing guide 97, and an abutment 99 on said guide, said abutment having a notch 102 adapted to receive and support either of said typeblocks.

9. In combination with a manually carried type-bar, a carriage, a movable typeguide therein adapted to be depressed by operation of the type-bar, a driving pawl on said type guide and actuated by up movement of the latter, a base, a stationary ratch supported from said base and engaged by said pawl, and a spring to raise said typeguide, the carriage being driven by said spring and pawl.

10. In combination with a manually carried type-bar, a carriage, a movable typeguide therein adapted to be depressed by operation of the type-bar, a driving pawl en said type guide and actuated by up movement of the latter, a base, a stationary ratch supported from said base and engaged by said pawl, and a springto raise said typeguide, means for preventing the type-guide from moving either forward or back during its down movements.

V11. A typewriter comprising a manuallycarried frame having a plurality of typebars projectably mounted in a single line in said frame, a platen having the width and length of a line of characters, means for holdingv a sheet ofl paper across and upon said platen in such a way that the portion of saidV sheet upon said platen is elevated above adjacent portions of the sheet, and a guide for guiding any projected .typebar to the paper upon theplaten.

. 12. A typewriter comprising a manuallycarried frame having a'plurality of type- .bars projectably mounted in a single line in said frame, a platen having the width and length of a line of characters, means for holding'a sheet of paper across and upon said platen in such a way that the portion of said sheet upon said platen Vis elevated above adj acent, portions of the sheet, an ink ribbon extending across the platen, and a guide for guiding any projected type-bar upon the ink ribbon and paper on the platen'. Y

18.V A typewriter comprising a manually- Ycarried frame having a plurality of typebars projectably mounted in a single line in said frame, a lplatenhaving the width and length of a line of characters, means for holding a sheet of paperV across and upon said platen in such a way that the portion of said sheet upon said platen is elevated labove adjacent portions of the sheet, a carriage, a ribbon supported on said carriage and extending at right angles acrossl the platen,a printing guide in said vcarriage for directing the type-bar kto the ribbon and paper upon the platen,and means operated by the printing guide when the same is, actuated by a type-bar for moving the carriage.

14. In a typewriter, a carriage, a printing-guide in saidV carriage, manually carried frames, each provided with a plurality of type, means for registering any single type with said printing guide, and means for printing through said guide. Y

KENNEDY DOUGAN. Witnesses: Y

S, SHUFELDT, K. IMBODEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for vecents each, by addressing the Commissionei` of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

